Designed to house about 100 people in the event of a Soviet nuclear attack during the Cold War, this shelter provided few comforts
In the late 1950s, as the Cold War and its attendant threat of nuclear apocalypse continued to escalate, the American military came up with a new computerized plan to defend the country from Soviet bombers. The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment was a major networking effort by NORAD to pull in and organize radar information from many different locations in the case of a Soviet nuclear attack.
MIT and IBM were both heavily involved in the construction of SAGE and, in some sense, it was an important precursor to the networks that became the Internet.
Despite the electronics, SAGE required people to actually operate the system and respond to any threats it might detect. That meant creating fallout shelters for those people. Above, you see one of these shelters, which could have housed 100 people in the event of an attack. The Library of Congress calls the buildings, "exceptionally important examples of the architecture of the Cold War."
This fallout shelter -- or the many constructed by private citizens -- might not have worked to protect people. And even if it did, the life would have been spartan, as you can see. But shelters like this, plans like this, provided psychological cover for the government's planning. We could survive nuclear war intact, the government swore. Lee Clarke has called these kinds of plans, "fantasy documents," and described how they were used to "tame disasters." This fallout shelter is the architectural embodiment of those nuclear dreams.
See more from our Built in America series including The Climatron, a massive wind tunnel, and the Edison workshop.
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