For the past few years, Getty Images photographer Kevin Frayer has been covering China’s Steel production facilities, from massive state-run factories to private group facilities, to smaller, unauthorized and unregulated steel producers. China remains the world's largest steel producer, producing more than 800 million metric tons of crude steel a year since 2014—50 percent of global supply. However, recent economic slowdowns, concerns about global oversupply, and crackdowns on toxic emissions have taken their toll—the Chinese government has vowed to cut production capacity at state-owned enterprises by up to 150 million tons over five years. These plans may be difficult to keep though, as they would mean the loss of hundreds of thousands of jobs, and the price of steel appears to be on the rise again.
Images of China's Steel Industry
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Read moreA worker takes samples for quality of molten iron outside a furnace at the Zhong Tian (Zenith) Steel Group Corporation on May 12, 2016 in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, China. Zhong Tian (Zenith) Steel Group Corporation is a privately-owned manufacturer that employs over 13,000 workers at its facility in Jiangsu province. #
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Read moreSmoke billows from smokestacks and a coal fired generator at a steel factory on November 19, 2015 in the industrial province of Hebei, China. China's government set 2030 as a deadline for the country to reach its peak for emissions of carbon dioxide. #
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Read moreOre to be used in the manufacturing of steel sits in barges in the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in the logistics area of the Zhong Tian Steel Group in Changzhou on on May 12, 2016. #
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Read moreA Chinese steel worker walks past steel rods at a plant on April 6, 2016 in Tangshan, Hebei province. China's announced plans to slash steel production by up to 150 million tons, possibly meaning as many as 400,000 lost jobs, according to state estimates. Officials point to excessive industrial capacity, a slump in demand and plunging prices as they attempt to restructure China's slowing economy. Hebei province, long regarded as China's steel belt, once accounted for nearly a quarter of the country's steel output. In recent years, state-owned steel mills have been shut down and dozens of small privately-owned plants in the area have gone bankrupt. #
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Read moreChinese job seekers wait for interviews at a job fair held by companies in the Jing-Jin-Ji (Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei) economic area on April 16, 2016 in Beijing, China. China's government is aiming to maintain a growth rate of at least 6.5% for 2016 as it works to offset a slowdown in the overall economy. Over the next two years, China will layoff millions of workers in underperforming industries such as coal and steel but will also create up to 10 million news jobs as part of its retrenchment. #
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Read moreThe broken window of a building in the abandoned Qingquan Steel plant which closed in 2014 and became one of several so-called "zombie factories", on January 26, 2016 in Tangshan, China. China's government plans to slash steel production by up to 150 million tons, which could see the loss of as many as 400,000 jobs according to state estimates. #
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Read moreWorker's lockers in the abandoned Qingquan Steel plant on January 26, 2016 in Tangshan. Officials blame the slowdown on excessive industrial capacity, a slump in demand and plunging prices as they attempt to restructure China's slowing economy. #
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Read moreBuildings in the abandoned Qingquan Steel plant which closed in 2014, on January 26, 2016, in Tangshan. Hebei province, long regarded as China's steel belt, once accounted for nearly a quarter of the country's steel output. In recent years, state-owned steel mills have been shut down and dozens of small privately-owned plants in the area have gone bankrupt. #
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Read moreIn Inner Mongolia, China, a Chinese laborer pours molten steel at an unauthorized steel factory on November 3, 2016. To meet China's targets to slash emissions of carbon dioxide, authorities are pushing to shut down privately owned steel, coal, and other high-polluting factories scattered across rural areas. In many cases, factory owners say they pay informal "fines" to local inspectors and then re-open. #
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Read moreSmoke billows from a large steel plant as a Chinese laborer works at an unauthorized steel factory, foreground, on November 4, 2016 in Inner Mongolia, China. To meet China's targets to slash emissions of carbon dioxide, authorities are pushing to shut down privately owned steel, coal, and other high-polluting factories scattered across rural areas. The enforcement comes as the future of U.S. support for the 2015 Paris Agreement is in question, leaving China poised as an unlikely leader in the international effort against climate change. U.S. president-elect Donald Trump has sent mixed signals about whether he will withdraw the U.S. from commitments to curb greenhouse gases that, according to scientists, are causing the earth's temperature to rise. China's leadership has stated that any change in U.S. climate policy will not affect its commitment to implement the climate action plan. While still the world's biggest polluter, China is also a global leader in establishing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. #
Kevin Frayer / Getty
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