I Feel Like a Black Republican

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Yglesias pivots off of Foner's review and looks at Honest Abe's political record:


I'm always interested in this debate because I think it reveals something about the general question of how to evaluate politicians. When you look at the career of Abraham Lincoln, you see a guy who joined the more slavery-skeptical of the two political parties. As a member of the Illinois state legislature, he opposed the short-lived effort to bring slavery to the state. As a member of congress he criticized the Mexican War as a slave power land-grab and backed the anti-slavery Wilmot Proviso. 

He got back into politics to criticize the Kansas-Nebraska Act as too favorable to slavery. He helped found a new anti-slavery political party. He ran for Senate in 1858 as a member of the new anti-slavery party and criticized his opponent as an appeaser of the pernicious slave power. Then he ran for president in 1860 as the nominee of the new anti-slavery party against a number of candidate who all warned, accurately, that his election would precipitate secession. Then when his election did precipitate secession, he implemented a policy of military coercion against the seceding states rather than compromise on slavery even though he knew this would prompt even more states to secede. Then he fought and won a war against the seceded states, during the course of which he freed the slaves! 

 On the other side of the ledger, you have the fact that he spent a lot of time saying that he was only interested in saving the union. But the entire point of the Republican Party was to break the hold of slaveowners over the national government at the cost of provoking sectional conflict. There was a whole other political party--the Democratic Party--organized around the principles of white supremacy and sectional accommodation and it's a party Lincoln never belonged to.

Yeah, I'm consuming Foner's The Fiery Trial right now and it really seems like Lincoln was a politician looking for a workable solutions to restrict, and eventually end, slavery. His idol was the anti-slavery (if also anti-abolitionist) Henry Clay. The Republican Party was founded, in large measure, to combat the expansion of slavery, running in 1856 under the banner--"Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men." Their critics tarred them as the "Black Republicans."

I've been avoiding saying this because it's so cliche, but the comparison to Obama is pretty apt. I don't mean that in the sense of greatness. I mean that in the sense of an aversion to radicalism, a strong belief in the political system, and a willingness to sacrifice pure principal for workability. He is not a sell-out. He is not without courage. He doesn't really vacillate. But he will moderate to get something done.

With that said, Foner's book is also a great reminder of the importance of radical agitation. It is the radicals who give their energy, and in some cases their lives, to turn the anti-slavery movement into an actual political force. Lincoln has an antagonistic relationship with the radicals. But he doesn't really exist as a political force without them, and ultimately they were right. There was no consensus for colonization. Slaveholder didn't want compensation, they wanted their slaves. Lincoln had to go through all of those steps and see them fail, before reaching for emancipation. 

Which is fine. Whatever proto-Confederates called him, I don't see him becoming president as an abolitionist.
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Ta-Nehisi Coates is a senior editor at The Atlantic, where he writes about culture, politics, and social issues. He is the author of the memoir The Beautiful Struggle. More

Born in 1975, the product of two beautiful parents. Raised in West Baltimore -- not quite The Wire, but sometimes ill all the same. Studied at the Mecca for some years in the mid-'90s. Emerged with a purpose, if not a degree. Slowly migrated up the East Coast with a baby and my beloved, until I reached the shores of Harlem. Wrote some stuff along the way.

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