When Fiction Inspires Criminals: It Didn't Start With 'Catcher in the Rye'

Some of the world's most infamous killers have cited books and movies as their influence

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The Atlantic Wire raises the question of whether the Danish filmmaker Lars von Trier is right to regret the possible influence of the violence of Dogville on the Norwegian terrorist Anders Breivik. This issue didn't start with J.D. Salinger's Catcher in the Rye and the assassin Mark Chapman. Modern Satanists have been inspired by the dark majesty of Lucifer in the devout John Milton's Paradise Lost. Goethe's Sorrows of Young Werther sparked a European suicide wave. W.B. Yeats later professed regret at the possibility that his play Cathleen ni Houlihan had inspired the Easter Rising and the tragedies it entailed. Stanley Kubrick's masterpiece Clockwork Orange continues to be cited in copycat crimes. Those stories about kids dying while jumping off buildings like Superman may be urban legends, but James Thurber did lose an eye playing William Tell as a boy. An inadvertent role in tragedy is a risk in writing, composing, or painting.

On the positive side, if films and novels didn't sometimes have bizarre criminal influence, they also couldn't transform people positively. Who would have thought that a copy of Jeffrey Archer's 1970s bestseller Kane and Abel from a prison book cart would inspire a convicted drug dealer, Joe Reddick, to become a writer?